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Influence of mass air flow ratio on gas-particle flow characteristics of a swirl burner in a 29 MW pulverized

Rong YAN, Zhichao CHEN, Shuo GUAN, Zhengqi LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 68-77 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0697-9

摘要： In a gas/particle two-phase test facility, a three-component particle-dynamics anemometer was used to measure the characteristics of gas/particle two-phase flows in a 29 megawatt (MW) pulverized coal industrial boiler equipped with a new type of swirling pulverized coal burner. The distributions of three-dimensional gas/particle velocity, particle volume flux, and particle size distribution were measured under different working conditions. The mean axial velocity and the particle volume flux in the central region of the burner outlet were found to be negative. This indicated that a central recirculation zone was formed in the center of the burner. In the central recirculation zone, the absolute value of the mean axial velocity and the particle volume flux increased when the external secondary air volume increased. The size of the central reflux zone remained stable when the air volume ratio changed. Along the direction of the jet, the peak value formed by the tertiary air gradually moved toward the center of the burner. This tertiary air was mixed with the peak value formed by the air in the adiabatic combustion chamber after the cross-section of / = 0.7. Large particles were concentrated near the wall area, and the particle size in the recirculation zone was small.

关键词： industrial pulverized coal boiler swirl burner air/particle flow particle dynamic analyzer (PDA)

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Micronization of curcumin with biodegradable polymer by supercritical anti-solvent using micro swirl

Kimthet Chhouk, Wahyudiono, Hideki Kanda, Shin-Ichro Kawasaki, Motonobu Goto

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 184-193 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1678-3

摘要： Curcumin is a hydrophobic polyphenol compound exhibiting a wide range of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-carcinogenic, anti-human immunodeficiency virus, and anti-microbial activity. In this work, a swirl mixer was employed to produce the micronized curcumin with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) by the supercritical anti-solvent process to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. The effects of operating parameters such as curcumin/PVP ratio, feed concentration, temperature, pressure, and CO flow rate were investigated. The characterization and solubility of particles were determined by using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, and ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy. The result shows that the optimal condition for the production of curcumin/PVP particles is at curcumin/PVP ratio of 1:30, feed concentration of 5 mg·mL , temperature of 40 °C, pressure of 15 MPa, and CO flow rate of 15 mL·min . Moreover, the dissolution of curcumin/PVP particles is faster than that of raw curcumin.

关键词： micronization curcumin polyvinylpyrrolidone supercritical anti-solvent swirl mixer

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Control of peak pressures of an HCCI engine under varying swirl and operating parameters

T. KARTHIKEYA SHARMA,G. AMBA PRASAD RAO,K. MADHU MURTHY

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 337-346 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0401-2

摘要： The major advantages of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) are high efficiency in combination with low NO -emissions. However, one of the major challenges with HCCI is the control of higher peak pressures which may damage the engine, limiting the HCCI engine life period. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze computationally the effect of induction swirl in controlling the peak pressures of an HCCI engine under various operating parameters. A single cylinder 1.6 L reentrant piston bowl diesel engine is chosen. For computational analysis, the ECFM-3Z model of STAR –CD is considered because it is suitable for analyzing the combustion processes in SI and CI engines. As an HCCI engine is a hybrid version of SI and CI engines, the ECFM-3Z model with necessary modifications is used to analyze the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The ECFM-3Z model for HCCI mode of combustion is validated with the existing literature to make sure that the results obtained are accurate. Numerical experiments are performed to study the effect of varying properties like speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and equivalence ratio under different swirl ratios in controlling the peak pressures inside the combustion chamber. The results show that the swirl ratio has a considerable impact on controlling the peak pressures of HCCI engine. A reduction in peak pressures are observed with a swirl ratio of 4 because of reduced in cylinder temperatures. The combined effect of four operating parameters, i.e., the speed of the engine, piston bowl geometry, EGR, and equivalence ratio with swirl ratios suggest that lower intake temperatures, reentrant piston bowl, higher engine speeds and higher swirl ratios are favorable in controlling the peak pressures.

关键词： HCCI engine ECFM-3Z Swirl ratio peak pressures engine speed piston bowl geometry

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柴油机进气涡流自动试验系统设计与评价方法

于吉超,刘德新,冯洪庆

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第5期页码 85-90

摘要：

涡流是影响柴油机经济性与排放特性的关键参数，在柴油机设计与改进过程一般通过气道稳态试验台进行测量与评价。介绍了一种自动化程度较高的气道稳态试验台的设计方案，可以自动控制气门升程和试验压力，适用于生产线。论述和比较了当前常用的测量与分析方法，并在试验台上进行了相应试验研究。结果表明，即使在相同试验条件下，不同测量方法或分析方法也会有不同的结果，在对不同试验台测量结果进行比较时，需要注意由于方法不同所引起的差异。

关键词：涡流柴油机叶片风速仪涡流动量计稳态试验台

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Numerical simulation of bituminous coal combustion in a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner: influence

Zhengqi LI, Chunlong LIU, Xiang ZHANG, Lingyan ZENG, Zhichao CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 296-303 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0191-0

摘要： The progression of ignition was numerically simulated with the aim of realizing a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner that is identical to the burner used in an 800 MWe utility boiler. The numerical simulations were conducted for four excess air ratios, 0.56, 0.75, 0.98 and 1.14 (corresponding to primary air velocities of 17, 23, 30 and 35 m/s, respectively), which were chosen because they had been used previously in practical experiments. The numerical simulations agreed well with the experimental results, which demonstrate the suitability of the model used in the calculations. The gas temperatures were high along the center line of the burner for the four excess air ratios. The flame spread to the burner wall and the high-temperature region was enlarged in the radial direction along the primary air flow direction. The O concentrations for the four excess air ratios were 0.5%, 1.1%, 0.9% and 3.0% at the exit of the second combustion chamber. The CO peak concentration was very high with values of 7.9%, 9.9%, 11.3% and 10.6% for the four excess air ratios at the exit of the second combustion chamber.

关键词： numerical simulation tiny-oil ignition burner pulverized coal temperature field

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Spray characteristics of high-pressure swirl injector fueled with alcohol

WANG Xibin, CHEN Wansheng, GAO Jian, JIANG Deming, HUANG Zuohua

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 105-112 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0012-z

摘要： The spray characteristics of methanol and ethanol with high-pressure swirl injector were explored experimentally and numerically. Experimental results show that the spray characteristics of methanol and ethanol had displayed the same trends as that of gasoline. Under the low back-pressure ambient conditions, the spray behavior exhibited a hollow cone with wide spray angle and initial spray slug at the tip, while the spray presented a solid cone in the case of high back-pressure. Vortexes in the opposite direction existed in the rear part of the spray under low back-pressure ambient conditions while the vortexes formed in the middle part under high back-pressure ambient conditions. Experiments also showed that methanol had the largest cone angle, while ethanol and gasoline presented almost the same cone angle. Simulation results indicated that methanol and ethanol had a slightly larger Sauter mean diameter (SMD) than that of gasoline with swirl injector. The SMD profile of methanol coincided well with that of ethanol under low back-pressure ambient conditions, but displayed a slightly larger value under high back-pressure due to fuel evaporation. Numerical simulation could successfully demonstrate the spray characteristics of high-pressure swirl injector for methanol and ethanol fuels.

关键词： low back-pressure diameter initial spray hollow middle

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Development and demonstration plant operation of an opposed multi-burner coal-water slurry gasification

WANG Fuchen, ZHOU Zhijie, DAI Zhenhua, GONG Xin, YU Guangsuo, LIU Haifeng, WANG Yifei, YU Zunhong

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 251-258 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0035-5

摘要： The features of the opposed multi-burner (OMB) gasification technology, the method and process of the research, and the operation results of a pilot plant and demonstration plants have been introduced. The operation results of the demonstration plants show that when Beisu coal was used as feedstock, the OMB CWS gasification process at Yankuang Cathy Coal Co. Ltd had a higher carbon conversion of 3%, a lower specific oxygen consumption of about 8%, and a lower specific carbon consumption of 2%–3% than that of Texaco CWS gasification at the Lunan Fertilizer Plant. When Shenfu coal was used as feedstock, the OMB CWS gasification process at Hua-lu Heng-sheng Chemical Co. Ltd had a higher carbon conversion of more than 3%, a lower specific oxygen consumption of about 2%, and a lower specific coal consumption of about 8% than that of the Texaco CWS gasification process at Shanghai Coking & Chemical Corporation. The OMB CWS gasification technology is proven by industrial experience to have a high product yield, low oxygen and coal consumption and robust and safe operation.

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Entropy production analysis of swirling diffusion combustion processes

Deodat MAKHANLALL, Linhua LIU,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 326-332 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0058-1

摘要： A critical factor in the design of combustion systems for optimum fuel economy and emission performance lies in adequately predicting thermodynamic irreversibilities associated with transport and chemical processes. The objective of this study is to map these irreversibilities in terms of entropy production for methane combustion. The numerical solution of the combustion process is conducted with the help of a Fluent 6.1.22 computer code, and the volumetric entropy production rate due to chemical reaction, viscous dissipation, and mass and heat transfer are calculated as post-processed quantities with the computed data of the reaction rates, fluid velocity, temperature and radiative intensity. This paper shows that radiative heat transfer, which is an important source of entropy production, cannot be omitted for combustion systems. The study is extended by conducting a parametric investigation to include the effects of wall emissivity, optical thickness, swirl number, and Boltzmann number on entropy production. Global entropy production rates decrease with the increase in swirl velocity, wall emissivity and optical thickness. Introducing swirling air into the combustion system and operations with the appropriate Boltzmann number reduces the irreversibility affected regions and improves energy utilization efficiency.

关键词： entropy-based design radiation transfer swirl magnussen combustion-model

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我国快堆技术发展的现状和前景

徐銤

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第1期页码 70-76

摘要：

考虑到人口众多，经济快速发展，人民生活水平不断提高，人均能源相对贫乏和环境保护，国家已决策加快核能应用的发展。采用压水堆－快堆匹配闭式燃料循环达到核能供应的快速增长和可持续性的基本战略已经决定，也决定了分离和用快堆和ADS对高放废物（MA）的嬗变战略。笔者建议快堆工程发展将分三步进行，中国实验快堆（CEFR，65 MWt/20 MWe），中国原型/示范快堆（CEFR／CDFR,大于等于1 500 MWt/600 MWe）和中国经济验证性快增殖堆（CDFBR,1 000 MWt/1 500 MWe）。CPFR的设计研究已于2006年开始目前正处于安装、调试阶段，计划2009年首次临界。近期讨论建造比600 MWeCPFR更大功率的堆作为CDFR，以加速快堆商用的步伐。

关键词：快堆发展战略增殖堆燃烧堆中国实验快堆

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Influence of nozzle height to width ratio on ignition and NO

Liutao SUN, Yonghong YAN, Rui SUN, Zhengkang PENG, Chunli XING, Jiangquan WU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 431-448 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0726-3

摘要： To improve the ignition behavior and to reduce the high NO emissions of blended pulverized fuels (PF) of semicoke (SC), large-scale experiments were conducted in a 300 kW fired furnace at various nozzle settings, i.e., ratios (denoted by / ) of the height of the rectangular burner nozzle to its width of 1.65, 2.32, and 3.22. The combustion tests indicate that the flame stability, ignition performance, and fuel burnout ratio were significantly improved at a nozzle setting of / = 2.32. The smaller / delayed ignition and caused the flame to concentrate excessively on the axis of the furnace, while the larger / easily caused the deflection of the pulverized coal flame, and a high-temperature flame zone emerged close to the furnace wall. NO emissions at the outlet of the primary zone decreased from 447 to 354 mg/m (O = 6%), and the ignition distance decreased from 420 to 246 mm when the / varied from 1.65 to 3.22. Furthermore, the ratio (denoted by / ) of the strong reduction zone area to the combustion reaction zone area was defined experimentally by the CO concentration to evaluate the reduction zone. The / rose monotonously, but its restraining effects on NO formation decreased as / increased. The results suggested that in a test furnace, regulating the nozzle / conditions sharply reduces NO emissions and improves the combustion efficiency of SC blends possessing an appropriate jet rigidity.

关键词： rectangular jet burner nozzle height to width ratio ignition characteristics pyrolyzed semicoke (SC) and bituminous blend NO_x formation

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characteristics at different coal concentrations in bituminous coal ignition in a tiny-oil ignition burner

Chunlong LIU, Qunyi ZHU, Zhengqi LI, Qiudong ZONG, Yiquan XIE, Lingyan ZENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 255-262 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0255-9

摘要： With the objective of producing a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner, identical to the burner used in an 800 MWe utility boiler, numerical simulations were performed using Fluent 6.3.26 to study the progress of ignition for four coal concentration settings covering sub-operation conditions prevailing during the experiments performed with the burner. The numerical simulations conformed to the experimental results, demonstrating the suitability of the model used in the calculations. Simulations for a coal concentration of 0.40 kg/kg corresponding to a single burner operating at its rated output were also conducted, which indicated that gas temperatures along the burner centerline were high. As gas flowed to the burner nozzle, the high-temperature region expanded, ensuring a successful pulverized-coal ignition. With increasing coal concentration (0.08–0.40 kg/kg), the gas temperature along the burner centerline and at the first and second combustion chamber exits decreased at the equivalent radial points. At the center of the second combustion chamber exit, the O concentrations were almost depleted for the five coal concentrations, while the CO concentrations peaked.

关键词： numerical simulation tiny-oil ignition burner pulverized coal temperature field

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Influence of different oil feed rate on bituminous coal ignition in a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner

Chunlong LIU, Qunyi ZHU, Zhengqi LI, Qiudong ZONG, Xiang ZHANG, Zhichao CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 406-412 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0266-6

摘要： To reduce oil consumption during firing-up and partial-load operation, a tiny-oil ignition burner has been recommended. Through reacting-flow experiments performed on a full-scale experimental setup, the influence of different oil flow rates on bituminous coal combustion as well as flow rates without coal feed was analyzed. The ignition burner is identical to that normally used in an 800 MWe utility boiler. Under operating conditions with flow rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg/h, gas temperature distributions were measured in the burner. At the equivalent measuring points at the exits of the first and second combustion chambers, these distributions remained almost unchanged under a constant coal feed rate of 4 t/h. However on the burner centerline, distributions increased slightly with increasing flow rate. Different gas concentrations were measured at the center of the burner exit. For instance, the O concentration at the burner exit varied from 0.01% to 0.31% whereas CO concentrations were more than 10000 ppm. At the same coal feed rate of 4 t/h, burner resistances are 480, 600, and 740 Pa for oil flow rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg/h, respectively.

关键词： ignition coal burner boiler oil flow rate

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风包粉系列浓淡煤粉燃烧技术的研究

秦裕琨,李争起,孙锐,陈力哲,孙绍增,朱群益,李瑞扬,高继慧,吴少华

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第11期页码 42-49

摘要：

总结了哈尔滨工业大学15年来对浓淡煤粉燃烧技术的研究成果，阐述了浓淡煤粉燃烧技术的原理及所具有的风包粉流动特点，并通过工业试验验证了风包粉原理。针对我国电站锅炉燃煤的特点，提出了需要解决的5个问题，指出了浓淡燃烧技术的发展方向。

关键词：锅炉燃烧器浓淡燃烧 NO_x

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Exergy-energy analysis of full repowering of a steam power plant

S. NIKBAKHT NASERABAD,K. MOBINI,A. MEHRPANAHI,M. R. ALIGOODARZ

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 54-67 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0342-6

摘要： A 320 MW old steam power plant has been chosen for repowering in this paper. Considering the technical conditions and working life of the power plant, the full repowering method has been selected from different repowering methods. The power plant repowering has been analyzed for three different feed water flow rates: a flow rate equal to the flow rate at the condenser exit in the original plant when it works at nominal load, a flow rate at maximum load, and a flow rate when all the extractions are blocked. For each flow rates, two types of gas turbines have been examined: V94.2 and V94.3A. The effect of a duct burner has then been investigated in each of the above six cases. Steam is produced by a double-pressure heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) with reheat which obtains its required heat from the exhaust gases coming from the gas turbines. The results obtained from modeling and analyzing the energy-exergy of the original steam power plant and the repowered power plant indicate that the maximum efficiency of the repowered power plant is 52.04%. This maximum efficiency occurs when utilizing two V94.3A gas turbines without duct burner in the steam flow rate of the nominal load.

关键词： full repowering exergy analysis V94.2 and V94.3A gas turbines double-pressure HRSG duct burner Bandarabbas steam power plant efficiency